Silicon Carbide – Production Process
Meta Description: Learn how silicon carbide (SiC) is produced, from raw materials to final processing. Discover key production stages, quality control measures, and how these steps influence SiC performance.
Silicon carbide (SiC) is produced using high-temperature processes that convert raw materials into this ultra-durable ceramic compound. The production of SiC involves several technical steps, each critical to the final properties of the material such as hardness, purity, and grain structure.
1. Raw Materials Selection
The primary ingredients used to manufacture SiC are:
- High-purity silica sand (SiO₂)
- Carbon sources such as petroleum coke or coal tar
These materials are mixed in precise ratios to ensure optimal reaction during high-temperature synthesis.
2. Acheson Furnace Process
The most common method of producing SiC is the Acheson process, which involves the following:
- Raw material mixture is placed in a graphite-lined electric furnace.
- Electric current heats the material to temperatures exceeding 2,000°C.
- Silicon dioxide reacts with carbon to form SiC and carbon monoxide gas:
SiO₂ + 3C → SiC + 2CO↑
3. Cooling and Crushing
After the furnace run, the SiC mass is allowed to cool naturally. The resulting crude block is then:
- Crushed and ground into smaller particles
- Classified into different sizes using sieving and air classification
4. Purification & Processing
Depending on the intended use, further purification may occur:
- Acid washing to remove metallic impurities
- Thermal purification to increase chemical purity
This step is critical for applications in electronics or high-temperature environments.
5. Final Product Forms
Processed SiC can be delivered in various forms:
- Microgrits and macrogrits (powder or granules)
- Sintered shapes and components
- Refractory bricks or kiln furniture
How Production Affects Material Performance
The parameters of the furnace run, cooling rate, impurity control, and post-treatment directly influence:
- Hardness and fracture resistance
- Thermal conductivity and expansion
- Purity level for high-end electronic uses
Advantages of Our SiC Manufacturing Process
- ✅ Strict raw material control ensures consistent quality
- ✅ Scalable production across multiple grades
- ✅ Advanced purification techniques for high-purity applications
- ✅ Custom sizing and morphology per client specs
FAQs – Silicon Carbide Production
- What is the typical temperature used in SiC production?
Over 2,000°C in electric furnaces, primarily using the Acheson process.
- Can SiC be produced synthetically?
Yes, almost all industrial SiC is synthetically manufactured from silica and carbon.
- Is purification necessary for all SiC?
No, it depends on the application. High-purity SiC is critical for semiconductors, while standard grades work for abrasives.
- What’s the environmental impact of SiC production?
CO emissions are controlled, and many plants use enclosed systems and heat recovery to reduce footprint.
